What Is an OBD Computer, and How Does It Work?

The Obd Computer, or On-Board Diagnostics computer, is a vital system in modern vehicles that monitors emissions and provides diagnostic information. CAR-TOOL.EDU.VN helps you understand how this system works, its benefits, and the tools you need to access it. This understanding enhances vehicle maintenance and troubleshooting, using diagnostic scanners and automotive diagnostic tools.

1. What is an OBD Computer?

An OBD computer, short for On-Board Diagnostics computer, is an electronic control unit (ECU) in a vehicle that monitors and manages various systems, most notably emissions. According to the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), OBD systems were standardized in the mid-1990s to ensure all vehicles met specific emissions standards. This standardization has made vehicle diagnostics more accessible and efficient.

1.1. History and Evolution

The earliest OBD systems were basic, providing limited diagnostic capabilities. However, as technology advanced, OBD systems evolved significantly, culminating in the OBD-II standard. According to a study by the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE), OBD-II enhanced diagnostic capabilities and standardized diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs).

1.2. Primary Functions

The primary functions of an OBD computer include:

• Emissions Monitoring: Ensuring the vehicle meets environmental regulations by monitoring components related to emissions control.
• Fault Detection: Identifying malfunctions in the engine, transmission, and other systems.
• Data Logging: Recording real-time data from various sensors for diagnostic purposes.
• Driver Alerts: Alerting the driver via the malfunction indicator lamp (MIL), also known as the check engine light.

1.3. Key Components

The main components of an OBD computer system include:

• Sensors: Devices that measure various parameters such as temperature, pressure, and flow rate.
• Electronic Control Unit (ECU): The central processing unit that interprets sensor data and controls various actuators.
• Actuators: Devices that control engine functions based on ECU commands, such as fuel injectors and ignition coils.
• Diagnostic Connector: A 16-pin connector (SAE J1962) that allows access to the OBD system with a scan tool.

2. How Does an OBD Computer Work?

The OBD computer operates by continuously monitoring sensor data and comparing it to pre-programmed parameters. When a deviation is detected, the computer logs a diagnostic trouble code (DTC) and may illuminate the check engine light.

2.1. Sensor Monitoring

Sensors throughout the vehicle send data to the OBD computer. These sensors monitor critical parameters such as:

• Oxygen Sensors: Measure the oxygen content in the exhaust gases to ensure proper combustion.
• Mass Airflow (MAF) Sensor: Measures the amount of air entering the engine.
• Throttle Position Sensor (TPS): Measures the position of the throttle plate.
• Engine Coolant Temperature (ECT) Sensor: Measures the temperature of the engine coolant.

2.2. Data Processing

The ECU processes the data received from the sensors, comparing it to pre-set values stored in its memory. This process involves complex algorithms and lookup tables to ensure accurate interpretation.

2.3. Fault Detection and DTCs

When the ECU detects a discrepancy, it stores a DTC in its memory. According to the National Institute for Automotive Service Excellence (ASE), DTCs are standardized codes that help technicians diagnose the problem. These codes typically follow a format like P0171 (System Too Lean, Bank 1).

2.4. Activation of the Check Engine Light

If a fault is severe enough, the OBD computer will activate the check engine light on the dashboard. This light alerts the driver that there is an issue that needs attention.

2.5. Real-Time Data and Freeze Frame

OBD systems also provide real-time data, allowing technicians to monitor sensor readings while the engine is running. Additionally, the freeze frame data captures a snapshot of the sensor values at the moment a fault was detected, providing valuable information for diagnosis.

3. Benefits of Using an OBD Computer

Using an OBD computer offers numerous benefits for both vehicle owners and technicians.

3.1. Early Fault Detection

The OBD system can detect potential problems early, preventing costly repairs down the road. By continuously monitoring vehicle systems, it can identify issues before they cause significant damage.

3.2. Improved Fuel Efficiency

By monitoring emissions and engine performance, the OBD system helps ensure the engine is running efficiently, which can improve fuel economy. A study by the U.S. Department of Energy found that properly maintained vehicles with functioning OBD systems tend to have better fuel efficiency.

3.3. Reduced Emissions

The OBD system plays a crucial role in reducing vehicle emissions by ensuring that the engine and emissions control systems are functioning correctly. This helps vehicles meet environmental regulations and reduces air pollution.

3.4. Simplified Diagnostics

OBD systems simplify the diagnostic process by providing standardized DTCs and real-time data. This makes it easier for technicians to identify and resolve issues quickly and accurately.

3.5. Cost Savings

Early fault detection, improved fuel efficiency, and simplified diagnostics all contribute to cost savings for vehicle owners. By addressing issues promptly, owners can avoid more extensive and expensive repairs.

4. OBD Computer Scan Tools

To access the data stored in the OBD computer, you need a scan tool. There are various types of scan tools available, each with its own features and capabilities.

4.1. Basic OBD2 Scanners

Basic OBD2 scanners are entry-level tools that can read and clear DTCs. These scanners are typically inexpensive and easy to use, making them suitable for vehicle owners who want to perform basic diagnostics.

4.2. Advanced Scan Tools

Advanced scan tools offer more comprehensive features, such as real-time data monitoring, freeze frame data, and bidirectional control. These tools are typically used by professional technicians and offer more in-depth diagnostic capabilities.

4.3. PC/Mobile-Based Scanners

PC/Mobile-based scanners connect to a laptop, tablet, or smartphone via Bluetooth or USB. These scanners offer a wide range of features and can be updated with the latest software and vehicle coverage.

4.4. Choosing the Right Scan Tool

When choosing a scan tool, consider the following factors:

• Budget: Determine how much you are willing to spend on a scan tool.
• Features: Identify the features you need, such as real-time data, freeze frame data, and bidirectional control.
• Vehicle Coverage: Ensure the scan tool supports your vehicle’s make and model.
• Ease of Use: Choose a scan tool that is easy to use and has a user-friendly interface.

5. Common OBD2 Trouble Codes

Understanding common OBD2 trouble codes can help you diagnose and resolve issues with your vehicle.

5.1. P0171 – System Too Lean, Bank 1

This code indicates that the engine is running lean, meaning there is too much air and not enough fuel in the air-fuel mixture. Common causes include vacuum leaks, faulty oxygen sensors, and fuel system issues.

5.2. P0300 – Random/Multiple Cylinder Misfire Detected

This code indicates that the engine is experiencing misfires in one or more cylinders. Common causes include faulty spark plugs, ignition coils, and fuel injectors.

5.3. P0420 – Catalyst System Efficiency Below Threshold, Bank 1

This code indicates that the catalytic converter is not functioning efficiently. Common causes include a faulty catalytic converter, oxygen sensors, and exhaust leaks.

5.4. P0442 – Evaporative Emission Control System Leak Detected (Small Leak)

This code indicates that there is a small leak in the evaporative emission control system. Common causes include a loose gas cap, cracked vacuum lines, and faulty purge valves.

5.5. P0505 – Idle Air Control System Malfunction

This code indicates that there is a problem with the idle air control system. Common causes include a faulty idle air control valve, vacuum leaks, and throttle body issues.

6. Using an OBD Computer for Vehicle Maintenance

An OBD computer can be a valuable tool for vehicle maintenance, helping you identify and resolve issues before they become major problems.

6.1. Regular Scanning for DTCs

Regularly scanning your vehicle for DTCs can help you identify potential problems early. This allows you to address issues before they cause significant damage or affect performance.

6.2. Monitoring Real-Time Data

Monitoring real-time data can provide insights into how your vehicle is performing. By observing sensor readings, you can identify anomalies and potential issues.

6.3. Clearing DTCs After Repairs

After performing repairs, it is essential to clear the DTCs from the OBD computer. This ensures that the check engine light is turned off and that the system is ready to monitor for new issues.

6.4. Using OBD Data for Performance Tuning

OBD data can also be used for performance tuning. By monitoring sensor readings and making adjustments to engine parameters, you can optimize performance and improve fuel efficiency.

7. OBD Computer and Emissions Testing

OBD systems play a crucial role in emissions testing, ensuring that vehicles meet environmental regulations.

7.1. OBD Readiness Monitors

OBD readiness monitors are tests that the OBD computer performs to verify that the emissions control systems are functioning correctly. These monitors must be complete before a vehicle can pass an emissions test.

7.2. Common Reasons for Emissions Test Failure

Common reasons for emissions test failure include incomplete OBD readiness monitors, active DTCs, and malfunctioning emissions control components.

7.3. Preparing Your Vehicle for Emissions Testing

To prepare your vehicle for emissions testing, ensure that all OBD readiness monitors are complete and that there are no active DTCs. You may need to drive your vehicle for a certain period to complete the monitors.

8. Future Trends in OBD Technology

OBD technology continues to evolve, with new features and capabilities being developed to improve vehicle diagnostics and performance.

8.1. Enhanced Diagnostic Capabilities

Future OBD systems will offer enhanced diagnostic capabilities, including more detailed DTCs, improved real-time data monitoring, and advanced troubleshooting tools.

8.2. Wireless OBD Adapters

Wireless OBD adapters are becoming increasingly popular, allowing users to connect to their vehicle’s OBD system via Bluetooth or Wi-Fi. These adapters offer convenience and flexibility.

8.3. Integration with Mobile Apps

OBD systems are increasingly being integrated with mobile apps, providing users with access to diagnostic data and vehicle information on their smartphones and tablets.

8.4. Remote Diagnostics

Remote diagnostics allow technicians to access and diagnose vehicle problems remotely, using telematics and cloud-based platforms. This can improve efficiency and reduce downtime.

9. OBD Computer and Vehicle Security

With the increasing connectivity of modern vehicles, security concerns related to OBD systems are becoming more prevalent.

9.1. Potential Security Risks

Potential security risks include unauthorized access to vehicle systems, malware infections, and data breaches.

9.2. Security Measures

Security measures such as encryption, authentication, and intrusion detection systems are being implemented to protect OBD systems from cyber threats.

9.3. Best Practices for OBD Security

Best practices for OBD security include using reputable scan tools, keeping software up to date, and being cautious about connecting to untrusted networks.

10. Choosing the Right OBD Computer for Your Vehicle

When replacing an OBD computer, it is essential to choose the right one for your vehicle.

10.1. Compatibility

Ensure that the replacement OBD computer is compatible with your vehicle’s make, model, and year.

10.2. Features and Capabilities

Consider the features and capabilities you need, such as support for advanced diagnostics and performance tuning.

10.3. Reputable Brands

Choose a replacement OBD computer from a reputable brand to ensure quality and reliability.

10.4. Installation and Programming

OBD computers may require programming or calibration after installation. Follow the manufacturer’s instructions or consult a professional technician.

11. OBD Computer and DIY Automotive Repair

For DIY automotive enthusiasts, an OBD computer can be an invaluable tool for diagnosing and repairing their vehicles.

11.1. Diagnosing Common Issues

An OBD computer can help you diagnose common issues such as engine misfires, emissions problems, and sensor failures.

11.2. Performing Basic Repairs

With the help of an OBD computer, you can perform basic repairs such as replacing spark plugs, oxygen sensors, and vacuum lines.

11.3. When to Seek Professional Help

While an OBD computer can assist with many DIY repairs, it is essential to know when to seek professional help. Complex issues such as transmission problems and engine overhauls should be left to experienced technicians.

12. OBD Computer and Fleet Management

For fleet managers, OBD systems can provide valuable insights into vehicle performance, driver behavior, and maintenance needs.

12.1. Tracking Vehicle Performance

OBD systems can track vehicle performance metrics such as fuel consumption, idle time, and mileage.

12.2. Monitoring Driver Behavior

OBD systems can monitor driver behavior such as speeding, hard braking, and aggressive acceleration.

12.3. Scheduling Maintenance

OBD systems can help fleet managers schedule maintenance based on vehicle usage and diagnostic data.

12.4. Improving Fleet Efficiency

By tracking vehicle performance and driver behavior, OBD systems can help fleet managers improve efficiency and reduce operating costs.

13. OBD Computer and Automotive Education

OBD systems are an essential part of automotive education, providing students with hands-on experience in diagnosing and repairing modern vehicles.

13.1. Training Programs

Automotive training programs incorporate OBD systems into their curriculum, teaching students how to use scan tools, interpret DTCs, and perform diagnostic procedures.

13.2. Hands-On Experience

Students gain hands-on experience by working on vehicles with OBD systems, learning how to diagnose and resolve real-world problems.

13.3. Preparing for Automotive Careers

By mastering OBD technology, students can prepare for successful careers as automotive technicians, service advisors, and shop managers.

14. OBD Computer and Aftermarket Modifications

OBD systems can also be used in conjunction with aftermarket modifications to enhance vehicle performance and customize vehicle settings.

14.1. Performance Tuning

OBD systems can be used to fine-tune engine parameters such as fuel injection, ignition timing, and boost pressure.

14.2. Custom Gauges and Displays

Aftermarket gauges and displays can be connected to the OBD system to monitor real-time data and display custom information.

14.3. Data Logging and Analysis

OBD systems can be used to log data during track days or performance events, allowing drivers to analyze their performance and make adjustments to their driving style.

14.4. Legal Considerations

When making aftermarket modifications that affect the OBD system, it is essential to consider legal and environmental regulations. Some modifications may not be legal in certain areas or may void the vehicle’s warranty.

15. OBD Computer and the Future of Automotive Technology

OBD technology is poised to play an increasingly important role in the future of automotive technology, as vehicles become more connected, autonomous, and electric.

15.1. Connected Vehicles

OBD systems will be integrated with connected vehicle platforms, allowing for remote diagnostics, over-the-air updates, and enhanced safety features.

15.2. Autonomous Vehicles

OBD systems will play a crucial role in monitoring the performance and safety of autonomous vehicles, ensuring that they operate reliably and safely.

15.3. Electric Vehicles

OBD systems will be adapted to monitor the performance of electric vehicle components such as batteries, motors, and inverters.

15.4. Advanced Driver-Assistance Systems (ADAS)

OBD systems will be integrated with ADAS technologies, providing real-time data on sensor performance and system functionality.

16. How to Find the OBD Computer Connector in Your Car

The OBD computer connector is typically located under the dashboard on the driver’s side. The exact location may vary depending on the make and model of your vehicle.

16.1. Common Locations

Common locations for the OBD computer connector include:

• Under the dashboard, near the steering column
• Inside the glove compartment
• Behind a small access panel

16.2. Identifying the Connector

The OBD computer connector is a 16-pin diagnostic link connector (DLC) that conforms to the SAE J1962 standard. It is trapezoidal in shape and has two rows of eight pins.

16.3. Using Your Vehicle’s Manual

Your vehicle’s owner’s manual may provide information on the location of the OBD computer connector.

16.4. Online Resources

Online resources such as vehicle-specific forums and websites may provide information on the location of the OBD computer connector.

17. Understanding OBD Computer Communication Protocols

OBD computers use various communication protocols to transmit data. Understanding these protocols can help you diagnose and troubleshoot communication issues.

17.1. Common Protocols

Common OBD computer communication protocols include:

• SAE J1850 PWM
• SAE J1850 VPW
• ISO 9141-2
• ISO 14230-4 (KWP2000)
• ISO 15765-4 (CAN)

17.2. Identifying the Protocol

The communication protocol used by your vehicle’s OBD computer can be identified using a scan tool or by consulting your vehicle’s service manual.

17.3. Troubleshooting Communication Issues

Communication issues can arise due to faulty wiring, a malfunctioning OBD computer, or an incompatible scan tool. Troubleshooting these issues may require specialized tools and knowledge.

18. OBD Computer and Vehicle Inspections

OBD systems play an important role in vehicle inspections, ensuring that vehicles meet safety and environmental standards.

18.1. Inspection Procedures

Vehicle inspections typically involve scanning the OBD computer for DTCs, verifying the functionality of the check engine light, and testing the emissions control systems.

18.2. Common Inspection Failures

Common inspection failures include active DTCs, incomplete OBD readiness monitors, and malfunctioning emissions control components.

18.3. Preparing for Inspection

To prepare for inspection, ensure that all OBD readiness monitors are complete and that there are no active DTCs. You may need to drive your vehicle for a certain period to complete the monitors.

19. OBD Computer and Data Privacy

With the increasing amount of data being collected by OBD systems, data privacy is becoming a growing concern.

19.1. Types of Data Collected

OBD systems collect a wide range of data, including vehicle speed, engine RPM, fuel consumption, and location data.

19.2. Potential Privacy Risks

Potential privacy risks include unauthorized access to vehicle data, tracking of vehicle movements, and misuse of personal information.

19.3. Data Privacy Regulations

Data privacy regulations such as the California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA) and the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) are being implemented to protect consumer data.

19.4. Best Practices for Data Privacy

Best practices for data privacy include using reputable OBD devices, securing your vehicle’s network, and being aware of the data being collected and shared.

20. OBD Computer and Vehicle Diagnostics Apps

Vehicle diagnostics apps are becoming increasingly popular, allowing users to access OBD data and perform diagnostic procedures using their smartphones and tablets.

20.1. Popular Apps

Popular vehicle diagnostics apps include Torque Pro, OBD Fusion, and Carista.

20.2. Features and Capabilities

Vehicle diagnostics apps offer a wide range of features and capabilities, including reading and clearing DTCs, monitoring real-time data, and performing advanced diagnostic procedures.

20.3. Choosing the Right App

When choosing a vehicle diagnostics app, consider the features you need, the compatibility with your vehicle, and the user reviews.

20.4. Connecting to Your Vehicle

To connect to your vehicle, you will need an OBD adapter that is compatible with the app. The adapter typically connects to the OBD computer connector and communicates with the app via Bluetooth or Wi-Fi.

21. OBD Computer and Extended Vehicle Warranty

OBD systems can play a role in extended vehicle warranties, helping to diagnose and resolve issues covered by the warranty.

21.1. Warranty Coverage

Extended vehicle warranties typically cover repairs to major components such as the engine, transmission, and drivetrain.

21.2. Diagnosing Warranty Issues

OBD systems can help diagnose issues covered by the warranty by providing DTCs and real-time data that can be used to identify the problem.

21.3. Filing a Warranty Claim

When filing a warranty claim, it is important to provide accurate and detailed information about the problem, including any DTCs and diagnostic findings.

21.4. Working with Your Warranty Provider

Work with your warranty provider to ensure that the repairs are performed correctly and that the warranty coverage is applied appropriately.

22. OBD Computer and Performance Chips

Performance chips are aftermarket devices that can be connected to the OBD computer to enhance vehicle performance.

22.1. How They Work

Performance chips work by modifying engine parameters such as fuel injection, ignition timing, and boost pressure.

22.2. Potential Benefits

Potential benefits of performance chips include increased horsepower, improved torque, and better fuel economy.

22.3. Potential Risks

Potential risks of performance chips include engine damage, reduced reliability, and voiding the vehicle’s warranty.

22.4. Legal Considerations

Performance chips may not be legal in certain areas or may void the vehicle’s warranty.

23. OBD Computer and Remote Start Systems

OBD systems can be integrated with remote start systems, allowing you to start your vehicle remotely using a smartphone app or key fob.

23.1. How They Work

Remote start systems work by communicating with the OBD computer to start the engine and control various vehicle functions.

23.2. Potential Benefits

Potential benefits of remote start systems include convenience, comfort, and improved security.

23.3. Security Considerations

Security considerations include unauthorized access to the vehicle and potential theft.

23.4. Installation and Programming

Remote start systems may require professional installation and programming.

24. OBD Computer and Vehicle Immobilizers

OBD systems are often integrated with vehicle immobilizers, which prevent the vehicle from being started without the correct key or transponder.

24.1. How They Work

Vehicle immobilizers work by communicating with the OBD computer to verify the authenticity of the key or transponder.

24.2. Potential Benefits

Potential benefits of vehicle immobilizers include reduced theft and increased security.

24.3. Troubleshooting Immobilizer Issues

Troubleshooting immobilizer issues may require specialized tools and knowledge.

24.4. Key Programming

Key programming may be required when replacing a key or transponder.

25. OBD Computer and Tire Pressure Monitoring Systems (TPMS)

OBD systems are often integrated with tire pressure monitoring systems (TPMS), which monitor the tire pressure in each tire and alert the driver if the pressure is too low.

25.1. How They Work

TPMS systems work by using sensors in each tire to measure the tire pressure and transmit the data to the OBD computer.

25.2. Potential Benefits

Potential benefits of TPMS systems include improved safety, better fuel economy, and longer tire life.

25.3. Troubleshooting TPMS Issues

Troubleshooting TPMS issues may require specialized tools and knowledge.

25.4. TPMS Sensor Replacement

TPMS sensor replacement may be required when the sensors fail or when replacing the tires.

26. OBD Computer and Anti-Lock Braking Systems (ABS)

OBD systems are often integrated with anti-lock braking systems (ABS), which prevent the wheels from locking up during hard braking.

26.1. How They Work

ABS systems work by using sensors in each wheel to detect when the wheel is about to lock up and then modulating the brake pressure to prevent the wheel from locking.

26.2. Potential Benefits

Potential benefits of ABS systems include improved safety, better handling, and shorter stopping distances.

26.3. Troubleshooting ABS Issues

Troubleshooting ABS issues may require specialized tools and knowledge.

26.4. ABS Sensor Replacement

ABS sensor replacement may be required when the sensors fail or when performing brake repairs.

27. OBD Computer and Airbag Systems

OBD systems are often integrated with airbag systems, which deploy airbags in the event of a collision to protect the occupants of the vehicle.

27.1. How They Work

Airbag systems work by using sensors to detect a collision and then deploying the airbags to cushion the occupants of the vehicle.

27.2. Potential Benefits

Potential benefits of airbag systems include reduced injuries and improved safety.

27.3. Troubleshooting Airbag Issues

Troubleshooting airbag issues may require specialized tools and knowledge.

27.4. Airbag System Repair

Airbag system repair should only be performed by qualified technicians due to the potential safety risks.

28. The Importance of Regular OBD Computer Updates

Regularly updating your OBD computer can ensure that it is functioning correctly and that it has the latest diagnostic information.

28.1. How to Update

OBD computer updates can typically be performed using a scan tool or by visiting a dealership.

28.2. Potential Benefits

Potential benefits of OBD computer updates include improved diagnostic accuracy, better performance, and enhanced security.

28.3. Frequency of Updates

The frequency of OBD computer updates may vary depending on the make and model of your vehicle.

28.4. Cost of Updates

The cost of OBD computer updates may vary depending on the method used and the provider.

29. OBD Computer and Aftermarket Alarm Systems

OBD systems can be integrated with aftermarket alarm systems, providing enhanced security and protection against theft.

29.1. How They Work

Aftermarket alarm systems work by communicating with the OBD computer to monitor vehicle activity and trigger an alarm if unauthorized activity is detected.

29.2. Potential Benefits

Potential benefits of aftermarket alarm systems include reduced theft, increased security, and peace of mind.

29.3. Security Considerations

Security considerations include unauthorized access to the vehicle and potential false alarms.

29.4. Installation and Programming

Aftermarket alarm systems may require professional installation and programming.

30. Finding Reliable OBD Computer Information and Support

Finding reliable information and support for your OBD computer is essential for proper maintenance and troubleshooting.

30.1. Online Resources

Online resources such as vehicle-specific forums, websites, and manufacturer’s websites can provide valuable information and support.

30.2. Professional Technicians

Professional technicians can provide expert advice and assistance with OBD computer issues.

30.3. Vehicle Manuals

Vehicle manuals often contain detailed information about the OBD computer and its functions.

30.4. Training Courses

Training courses can provide in-depth knowledge and hands-on experience with OBD systems.

The OBD computer is a critical component of modern vehicles, offering numerous benefits for both owners and technicians. Understanding how it works and how to use it can help you keep your vehicle running smoothly and efficiently.

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FAQ: Frequently Asked Questions About OBD Computers

What does OBD stand for?

OBD stands for On-Board Diagnostics, a computer system in vehicles that monitors emissions and provides diagnostic information.

Where is the OBD port located in my car?

The OBD port is typically located under the dashboard on the driver’s side.

What is a DTC?

DTC stands for Diagnostic Trouble Code, a code stored by the OBD computer when a fault is detected.

What is a scan tool?

A scan tool is a device used to access the data stored in the OBD computer.

How do I clear a DTC?

You can clear a DTC using a scan tool.

What is real-time data?

Real-time data is data from various sensors that is displayed in real-time by the OBD computer.

What are OBD readiness monitors?

OBD readiness monitors are tests that the OBD computer performs to verify that the emissions control systems are functioning correctly.

Can I use a mobile app to access my OBD computer?

Yes, you can use a mobile app to access your OBD computer with an OBD adapter.

What is the check engine light?

The check engine light is a light on the dashboard that illuminates when the OBD computer detects a fault.

How often should I scan my car for DTCs?

You should scan your car for DTCs regularly, especially if the check engine light is on.